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05 婚品制作的常用工具及材料
1 花材及花语
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百合花:象征着纯洁和天真无邪,整年开花,代表“百年好合”之意,百合花不仅高雅而且豪华感强,是中国婚礼中不可缺少的代表吉祥的花材。
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康乃馨:代表热情、真情、美丽、慈祥、神圣,4月~9月开花。康乃馨在婚礼中比较常见是因为花色娇艳、有芳香、花期长、价格低。
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剑兰:代表怀念之情、爱恋、长寿、富贵、节节上升,春夏季开花。它的花朵从下到上依次开放,是婚礼中不可或缺的插花衬托花材。
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兰花:具有高洁、清雅、淡泊、贤德的特点,整年开花。它具有文化气质,和高雅的婚礼设计搭配非常协调。
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香雪兰:代表纯洁,2月~5月开花。花香诱人,花色一般有乳白、鲜黄、红、粉、蓝、紫等,适合为活泼性格的新娘打造一场甜蜜、烂漫的婚礼。
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向日葵:代表信念、高傲、忠诚、爱慕、勇敢,7月~9月开花。它具有向光性,也叫“太阳花”,适合室外举办的婚礼设计,可以用来增加阳光、活泼的气氛。
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薰衣草:代表纯洁、清净、保护、感恩、和平,6月~8月开花。薰衣草一般有蓝、蓝紫、深紫、粉红、白等颜色,寓意着“等待爱情”,用在婚礼上可以带来幸福美满的婚姻。
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桔梗花:代表永恒不变的爱、诚实、无悔,6月~9月开花。桔梗花用在婚礼上代表幸福再度降临。
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郁金香:代表爱的告白、爱的来临、爱的永恒、爱的纯洁,3月~5月开花。由于它的品种多、颜色丰富、形状可爱,所以深受人们的青睐。它是婚礼用花的好材料,一般有红、黄、紫、白几种颜色。
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玫瑰:代表爱情和美丽,有“花中皇后”之称,整年开花。婚礼上一般采用红玫瑰,寓意真挚的情感,可以打造出各种各样的婚礼现场。
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蝴蝶兰:代表真爱、幸福向你飞来,一般在春节前后开花,花期较长。在婚礼设计上,蝴蝶兰主要用来制作新娘捧花等。
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非洲菊:代表神秘、兴奋、不畏艰难,整年开花。在婚礼设计中,常用粉色和红色的非洲菊,可以用来布置婚房等,取谐意来体现新人互敬互爱的意思。
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马蹄莲:代表幸福、纯洁、永结同心、吉祥如意,11月到来年6月开花。马蹄莲一般有白、红、黄、紫等颜色,由于它具有清纯和时尚感,所以非常适合圣洁的婚礼设计。
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绣球花:代表忠贞、永恒、美满,5月~7月开花。但是,由于它的花期较短,栽培和繁殖要求较高,价格贵,所以,在婚礼设计中运用得较少。
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鸢尾:代表恋爱使者、优美、纯真、热情开朗,4月~6月开花。它具有粗大的根,叶子宽阔如刀,生命力非常强韧,在婚礼设计中,常常用紫色鸢尾花来寓意爱情和吉祥。
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芍药:代表依依惜别、难舍难分、情有独钟,5月~6月开花。它蕴藏着害羞,寓意着思念,象征着富贵和美丽。
在婚礼设计中,除了上述主要花材之外,还有一些常用的配花花材,例如,满天星、黄莺、火龙珠、情人草、勿忘我等,如下图所示。
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满天星
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黄莺
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火龙珠
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情人草
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勿忘我
多肉植物也是婚礼设计常用的材料,常见的多肉植物品种有草玉露、虹之玉锦、小红衣、桃之卵、千佛手、紫珍珠等,如下图所示。
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草玉露
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虹之玉锦
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小红衣
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桃之卵
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千佛手
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紫珍珠
认识了常用花材之后,接下来将针对婚礼设计中常见花卉组合及多肉植物组合效果进行展示。
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2 纸类材料
在婚礼设计中,手工纸艺婚品制作会使用到各种不同类型的纸张,如皱纹纸、瓦楞纸、彩色卡纸、牛皮纸、手揉纸、海绵纸等。下面针对这些不同类型纸张的特性及用法进行介绍。
皱纹纸
皱纹纸是表面呈现皱纹的加工纸的统称。按使用功能,皱纹纸一般可以分为生活、包装、装饰三种类型,如餐巾、装饰纸花、原纸包装等。皱纹纸的颜色丰富,价格低,所以很适合用来做包装和折纸。
在婚礼设计中,常用皱纹纸来包装花束和折叠纸花装饰等,如下图所示。
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瓦楞纸
瓦楞纸是由面纸、里纸、芯板和加工成波形瓦楞的瓦楞纸黏合而成的板状物,有单、双之分。由于瓦楞纸具有成本低、质量轻、容易加工、强度大等特点,所以一般都可以回收再利用,相对环保,被广泛运用于商品包装、家具等领域。
在婚礼设计中,一般采用瓦楞纸来制作蛋糕架、甜品托盘、甜品台装饰等。下面针对瓦楞纸材料和婚礼设计中瓦楞纸的运用进行举例。
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彩色卡纸
由于卡纸纸面较细致且平滑、坚挺耐磨、颜色丰富,所以被广泛运用于明信片、卡片、吊牌、菜单、画册衬纸等。在婚礼设计中彩色卡纸可以用来制作礼品包装装饰、风车、纸飞机、纸风轮、手工花装饰、精美纸盒、请柬等。
下面针对彩色卡纸材料和婚礼设计中彩色卡纸的运用进行举例。
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牛皮纸
牛皮纸是采用硫酸盐针叶木浆为原料,然后经过打浆,在长网造纸机上抄造制成。牛皮纸一般有黄褐色、淡褐色、奶油色、白色几种颜色,具有很高的抗撕裂性和强度,通常用作包装材料。
下面针对牛皮纸材料和婚礼设计中牛皮纸的运用进行举例。
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海绵纸
海绵纸采用的加工材料优质,它具有韧性强、涂布层均匀、工艺先进、端面平整、无接口、松紧度一致等特点。海绵纸不仅广泛应用于产品的外部包装,而且可以根据要求加工成袋子,也是儿童手工制作的常用材料之一。
在婚礼设计中海绵纸可以用来制作模型、手工相框、拍照道具等。
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3 各种装饰品
装饰品是指可以起到修饰美化作用的物品。在婚礼设计中,常用的装饰品有绢花、羽毛、串珠、纽扣等,主要用来制作新娘头饰、手捧花、桌花等装饰品。
下面针对各种装饰品及其运用进行举例。
绢花
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羽毛
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纽扣
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串珠
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海贝
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气球
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彩色毛线
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玻璃瓶
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4 其他材料
除了上述材料之外,婚礼设计中常用的还有圆形木块、模型板、枯枝、真树叶、松塔、藤条、布艺材料等,如下图所示。
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5 常用工具
前面讲解了婚礼设计中常用的材料,接下来介绍一些常用工具,如剪刀、粘胶、钳子、别针等。这些工具主要起到辅助作用,在婚品制作时用来裁减、固定、画草图等。
剪刀
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粘胶/胶枪
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钳子/镊子/锥子
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别针/大头针
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卷纸器
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笔类
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